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313
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Infants and young children are not just sitting twiddling their thumbs, waiting for their parents to teach them to read and do math. They are expending a vast amount of time and effort in exploring and understanding their immediate world. Healthy education supports and encourages this spontaneous learning.
(David Elkind (20th century), U.S. psychologist, child development specialist, author. Miseducation, ch. 1 (1987).)
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David Elkind
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314
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Give me the free and poor inheritance
Of our own kind, not furniture
Of education, or the prophet's pose,
The general cause of words, the hero's stance,
The ambitions incommensurable with flesh,
(Karl Shapiro (b. 1913), U.S. poet, critic. V-Letter (l. 45-49). . .
New & Selected Poems, 1940-1986 [Karl Shapiro]. (1987) University of Chicago Press.)
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Karl Shapiro
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315
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In the years of the Roman Republic, before the Christian era, Roman education was meant to produce those character traits that would make the ideal family man. Children were taught primarily to be good to their families. To revere gods, one's parents, and the laws of the state were the primary lessons for Roman boys. Cicero described the goal of their child rearing as "self- control, combined with dutiful affection to parents, and kindliness to kindred."
(C. John Sommerville (20th century), U.S. professor of history, and author. The Rise and Fall of Childhood, ch. 4 (rev. 1990).)
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C. John Sommerville
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316
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The poorest children in a community now find the beneficent kindergarten open to them from the age of two-and-a-half to six years. Too young heretofore to be eligible to any public school, they have acquired in their babyhood the vicious tendencies of their own depraved neighborhoods; and to their environment at that tender age had been due the loss of decency and self-respect that no after example of education has been able to restore to them.
(Virginia Thrall Smith (1836-1903), U.S. educator and social reformer. As quoted in The Fair Women, ch. 13, by Jeanne Madeline Weimann (1981).
From a speech, "The Kindergarten," given at the Congress of Women at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893. Smith established the first free kindergarten in Connecticut and pressed successfully for passage of a state law requiring public kindergartens.)
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Virginia Thrall Smith
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317
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... education fails in so far as it does not stir in students a sharp awareness of their obligations to society and furnish at least a few guideposts pointing toward the implementation of these obligations.
(Mary Barnett Gilson (1877-?), U.S. factory personnel manager, economist, and educator. What's Past is Prologue, ch. 25 (1940).)
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Mary Barnett Gilson
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318
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Take a decayed Christian ... and the remains of a Stoic; mix thoroughly with good manners, a bit of money and an old-fashioned education; simmer for several years in a university. Result: a scholar and a gentleman. Well, there were worse types of human being.
(Aldous Huxley (1894-1963), British novelist. William Propter, in After Many a Summer Dies the Swan, ch. 2 (1939).)
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Aldous Huxley
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319
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The most general deficiency in our sort of culture and education is gradually dawning on me: no one learns, no one strives towards, no one teachesenduring loneliness.
(Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), German philosopher, classical scholar, critic of culture. Friedrich Nietzsche, Sδmtliche Werke: Kritische Studienausgabe, vol. 3, p. 270, eds. Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari, Berlin, de Gruyter (1980). Dawn, "Fifth Book," aphorism 443, "On Education," (1881).)
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Friedrich Nietzsche
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320
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If education is always to be conceived along the same antiquated lines of a mere transmission of knowledge, there is little to be hoped from it in the bettering of man's future. For what is the use of transmitting knowledge if the individual's total development lags behind?
(Maria Montessori (1870-1952), Italian educator. The Absorbent Mind, ch. 1 (1949).)
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Maria Montessori
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